Limestone is various sizes with the same chemical and physical composition. The sizes are 0-10mm (fluxstone), (10-19mm) and (19-35mm) kilnstone. The limestone serves as the raw material for quicklime production.

Production
Limestone from the quarry is crushed and screened into various size aggregates.

MAJOR USES OF LIMESTONE

Metallurgical Operations
In metallurgical operations, fluxstone (10mm to dust) and kilnstone (10-35mm) is used in Mine smelters to flux the metal ores to form slag.

Glass Manufacture
Limestone improves properties of calcium silicate products such as tumblers, glasses and bottles. Limestone inhibits chemical attack, makes it less brittle and stronger but improves appearance and heat shock of glass. Limestone is the lowest- cost fluxing material for glass.

Building Industry
In building industry fluxstone is used to produce both load bearing and non-load bearing building blocks. 10 to 19 mm aggregates from lime works is extensively used in both the foundation and slab of buildings.

Coal Mining
To enhance mine safety pulverised limestone is applied on working areas in order to dilute the highly combustible and explosive coal dust.

Cement Manufacture
Limestone constitutes over 80 % of material needed for Portland Cement manufacture, Cement is manufactured by blending lime, silica, alumina, iron and sulphate in precise proportions.


KILNSTONE SPECIFICATION

 

No

 

Characteristics

 

 

Value

 

Comment

1

Total Calcium Oxide as % T/CaO

54.00

Minimum

2

Calcium Carbonate as % CaCO3

96.00

Typical

3

Magnesium as % MgO

0.40

Typical

4

Iron as % Fe2O3

0.06

Typical

5

Sulphide as ppm H2S

38

Typical

6

Manganese as % MnO

<0.01

Typical

7

Lead as % Pb

<0.01

Typical

8

Zinc as % Zn

<0.01

Typical

9

Nickel as % Ni

<0.01

Typical

10

Copper as % Cu

<0.01

Typical

11

Loss On Ignition as % LOI

42.50

Typical

12

Silica % Mass

0.5

Typical

13

PSD as % falling within 19 – 35 mm range

80

Maximum

14

Massive (hard) to semi-sugar, dark to medium grey, fine to medium grained limestone.